Disordered Cogitations

I am taking a class next week. One of the prerequisite readings is Chris Argyris' Harvard Business Review article (2000) entitled, Teaching Smart People How to Learn. In sum,

Competitive success depends on learning, but most people, including professionals in leadership positions, are not very good at it. Learning is a function of how people reason about their own behavior. Yet most people engage in defensive reasoning when confronted with problems. They blame others and avoid examining critically the way they have contributed to problems. Companies need to make managers' and employees' reasoning patterns a focus of continuous improvement efforts.